![]() However, with John's death, his barons saw his young son as a safer option. John died, on 19 October 1216, in the midst of conflict against his barons most of them had already recognized Prince Louis of France as king. However, since Arthur had sided with Philip II of France, Richard's enemy, Richard named his younger brother John as his heir, and he became king. On the day of his death, 6 April 1199, if the line of succession to the English throne had followed primogeniture, he would have been succeeded by his nephew Arthur I, Duke of Brittany (born 1187), son of Richard I's brother Geoffrey, Duke of Brittany. On the day of Henry II's death, 6 July 1189, the throne passed to his eldest living son: Richard I. ![]() Henry II had wished to divide his lands among his children upon his death, but was forced to sign the unfavorable treaty of Azay-le-Rideau on 4 July 1189 (two days before his death) with the king of France and his rebellious sons, by which he recognized his eldest son Richard as sole heir. The succession to Henry II was altered by the death of his son, Henry the Young King, who was crowned king while his father still lived. Thus, on the day of Stephen's death, 25 October 1154, Henry became King Henry II. Under the terms of the Treaty of Wallingford that ended the Anarchy, Stephen agreed to make Henry his successor. Though Stephen still had a son, William, the boy was still young and unprepared to challenge Matilda's son, Henry of Anjou for the throne. The succession to Stephen was altered by the death of his son Eustace, whom he wished to have crowned king during his own lifetime (in imitation of the Capetian monarchy). Stephen An artist's impression of the negotiation for the throne of England between Stephen of Blois and Henry of Anjou during the Anarchy which was resolved by the Treaty of Wallingford in 1153. This act provoked a seventeen-year long civil war between him and the forces loyal to Matilda. However, her cousin, Stephen of Blois (the third son of Adela of Normandy) gained the support of the barons and usurped the throne, claiming that Henry had changed his mind on his deathbed. Left without male heirs, Henry took the unprecedented step of making his barons swear to accept his daughter Empress Matilda, widow of Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, as his heir. The succession to Henry I was altered by the death of his son, William Adelin. Henry later warred with Robert and by treaty was recognized as king. Their younger brother, Henry Beauclerc, had the nobility elect him as king. However, on his death, on 2 August 1100, Robert was away on crusade. He and his elder brother Robert previously agreed to be each other's heir.
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